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English Notes → Using the Scientific Method
by Darrel Bernard & Lon Edwards
1. How has the scientific method helped us in our fight against disease?
The scientific method has helped us a lot in our fight against disease. In the past, there were various diseases which were very deadly. They were incurable. They killed people on a large scale. Seven babies out of eight would die before reaching their first birthday. Child mortality rate was very high.Nowadays, science has very successfully discovered the treatment of fatal diseases like smallpox, yellow fever, diphtheria, measles,etc. Today, babies are born in hospitals. They are looked after well. Today, a person can expect to live up to seventy years due to life-saving medicines.
2. Write a note on the better sanitary conditions available in our cities today and compare them with what they were like a hundred years ago.
Today, our cities have better sanitary conditions. Our city streets are paved and well-drained. It is against the law to throw garbage in the open. The government has set up special departments which clean the cities regularly. Rubbish and other waste material is gathered from the cities and burned through treatment plants. The cities have sewage system through which dirty water is taken to disposal plants. Clean drinking water is available to every household. A hundred years ago, cities were full of dirt and rubbish. The streets were unpaved. People had no sense of cleanliness. They threw garbage in the open. Animals used to wander in the streets and spread their waste here and there.
3. What are sanitary conditions like in our villages today and how would you improve them?
It is sad to note that even today, the sanitary conditions in our villages are not satisfactory. The streets are unpaved and poorly-drained. People are forced to take water from distant wells. There are heaps of rubbish here and there. People live in unhygienic conditions which cause diseases. Most of the areas are breeding grounds of germs of various diseases. We should set up proper drainage system in our villages. Streets should be paved. Special waste disposal plants should be set up. Clean drinking water facility should be ensured to all. The use of indoor toilets should be introduced.
4. How has the scientific method helped us in the production and preservation of food?
The scientific method has helped us in the production and preservation of food. Now, we can eat variety of foods throughout the year. We can store and preserve food for a long time through quick-freeze method. This food remains tasty and healthful. People in the past did not enjoy this facility. Through modern methods of farming and by making genetic changes in the seeds, we can now grow more food on a limited space to meet the needs of increasing population.