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Political Science → Machiavelli: The Prince

The first renowned literary work of Machiavelli is ‘The Prince’. He shares following political ideas through it.

It’s confusing; some think Machiavelli wrote to regain his public life. Others believe it’s a satire as Machiavelli was republican. First eleven chapters deal with kinds of despotism and its establishment. Machiavelli thinks that it is easy for a ruler to rule by hereditary claims as compared to a ruler who establishes his rule anew. Only republicans will fight against despot’s rule for long. Others will gradually accept change. Ruler needs to alter society of free folks by reform he likes. Reform however will be resisted. Injuries be done all together and benefits to be given little by little.

Chapter 13 and 14 deal with use of military power. Machiavelli thinks that no matter what kind of state or government is; good laws and good arms make it powerful. He believes in citizen military not mercenary forces.

In chapter 15 to 18 he gives prince the lesson of ruthlessness for maintaining the rule. For ruler respect is more important than affection. The cunning of fox and strength of lion should be part of his action. He can break promises and can resort to use of force.

Chapters 19 through 25 deal with Machiavelli’s advice regarding consolidation of power. He needs to consolidate military power and integrity. He must try not to be neutral in conflict otherwise all sides will hate him. He should choose advisers carefully. Lastly, Machiavelli warns prince about the dangers of fate and appeals Medici to unify Italy and throw out invaders.