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CSS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PAST PAPERS
2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020

SYLLABUS: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Total Marks: 100 | Time Allowed: 3 hours

I. History of Environmental Thought
Environment and Sustainable Development, History of Environmental Movements, Industrial and Agriculture Revolution, United Nations Conference on Human Environment 1972, Our Common Future 1987, Rio Summit 1992, Agenda 21, World Summit on Sustainable Development 2002, Rio Summit-II, 2012, Millennium Development Goals.

II. Sustainable Development Issues
Population growth, Poverty, Biodiversity loss and its Conservation, Energy security, Urbanization and sustainable cities, Carrying capacity and ecological footprint. Food security and sustainable agriculture.

III. Interdisciplinary nature of Environmental Science
Convergence of sciences: Environmental Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Microbiology, Toxicology, Economics, Geology, Geography, Biotechnology, Sociology.

IV. Environmental Pollution
Air, Water, Soil, Noise Pollution, Solid Waste, Water Logging & Salinity, Deforestation, Desertification, Eutrophication, Greenhouse effect, Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, Acid Rain.

V. Climate Change
Drivers and Indicators of Climate Change, Carbon foot print, Mitigation, CDM, REDD+. Global environmental politics: India, China and USA.

VI. Environmental Governance
Pakistani frameworks: National Conservation Strategy, Environmental Protection Act of 1997, National Climate Change Policy 2012.

VII. Global initiatives
CBD, Cartagena Protocol, CITES, Ramsar Convention, CMS, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, Montreal Protocol, UNCCD.

VIII. Environmental Assessment and Management
EIA, SEA, ISO 14000, OHSAS 18000, Disaster Risk Management, GIS & Remote Sensing.