CSS | Syllabus | Past Papers | Solved Papers | Preparation | MCQs
CSS AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY PAST PAPERS
2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021
SYLLABUS: AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY
Total Marks: 100
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Part-I: Agriculture (50 marks)
I. Concept of Integrated Agriculture: Components of natural resources as bases for agriculture production (Land, Water, biological, Environmental, Solar, Energy).
II. Challenges in Pakistan’s Agriculture: Present scenario and future prospects. Analytical overview: issues and strategies for improvement of crop management, livestock management, fisheries, cottage industry, resource management and rural development. Institutions and policies: issues and options.
III. Elements of Climate and their Relationship with Crop Growth: Farming Systems, biological nitrogen fixation, soil profile, structure and texture, soil fertility, soil erosion and conservation, water logging and salinity.
IV. Genetic Improvement for Crop Production: GMO crops, Seed production technology.
V. Horticulture: Floriculture, landscaping, pests and diseases of agriculture crops and their control, integrated pest management.
VI. Rainfield and Irrigated Agriculture: Agriculture mechanization, land tenure and land reforms, role of agriculture in national economy.
Part-II: Forestry (50 marks)
- Forest, rangelands and wildlife importance and significance
- Forest management and utilization, wood based industries in Pakistan, silviculture
- Range management and utilization
- National and international forest wealth statistics
- Role of wildlife as value addition to forestry
- Forest based wildlife resources of Pakistan and their management, eco-tourism
- Forestry, agroforestry, social forestry and forest biometrics
- Socio-economic and ecological impact of man made forests
- Watershed Management and role of forests in prevailing climate change dilemma
- National forest laws and policies at national level, biodiversity & environment